面向消防安全的建筑电气供配电系统可靠性分析

Reliability Analysis of Building Electrical Power Supply and Distribution System for Fire Safety

摘要:

为提升建筑电气供配电系统在火灾工况下的运行可靠性,文章首先构建由结构可靠性、功能稳定性与防火性能三类核心指标组成的综合评估体系,采用故障树分析法对系统失效路径完成量化建模;其次引入基于SCADA等多源运行数据的动态更新机制,结合改进型EWMA算法实现评估体系的实时迭代校准;最后融合双电源冗余配置、智能断路器与边缘计算节点等技术,搭建多层级协同防火防护架构。仿真验证与现场试点结果表明,优化后主备电源切换时间缩短至96 ms,火灾隐患预警识别率提升至82%,显著增强了供配电系统在火灾场景下的供电稳定性与应急响应能力。

Abstract:

To improve the operational reliability of building electrical power supply and distribution systems under fire conditions, this article first constructs a comprehensive evaluation system consisting of three core indicators: structural reliability, functional stability, and fire performance. The fault tree analysis method is used to quantitatively model the failure path of the system. Secondly, a dynamic update mechanism based on multiple sources of operational data such as SCADA is introduced, combined with an improved EWMA algorithm to achieve real-time iterative calibration of the evaluation system. Finally, the technology of dual power redundancy configuration, intelligent circuit breaker and edge computing node is integrated to build a multi-level collaborative fire protection architecture. Simulation verification and on-site pilot results show that after optimization, the switching time between primary and backup power sources has been shortened to 96 ms, and the fire hazard warning recognition rate has been increased to 82%, significantly enhancing the power supply stability and emergency response capability of the power distribution system in fire scenarios.